![]() ![]() If you follow this link, use the BACK button on your browser to return quickly to this page. On the other hand, for the purposes of this page, the oxidation state is simply the charge on the original metal ion before it was complexed. Note: If you aren't sure about oxidation states, you could follow this link. The metal in this is named exactly as you would expect, with the addition of its oxidation state. It depends on whether the complex ion ends up as positively or negatively charged.Ī positively charged complex ion is called a cationic complex. You might have thought that this was fairly obvious, but it isn't necessarily. ![]() The "ammine" is named before the "aqua" because "am" comes before "aq" in the alphabet. 2+ is called the tetraamminediaquacopper(II) ion. With more than one type of ligand in an ion, the ligands are named in alphabetical order - ignoring the prefixes. (Don't worry about the copper(II) bit for the moment.) The fact that there are two "a"s next to each other in the name is OK. 2+ is called the hexaaquacopper(II) ion. no of ligandsįor a complex ion containing only one type of ligand, there is no problem. The normal prefixes apply if there is more than one ligand. For example, we talk about chloroethane, not chloridoethane, and IUPAC still recommends the "chloro" (etc) usage in organic chemistry.įor that reason, I am pointing this out to you in case you come across these newer names, but shall continue to use the previous versions on this site. The changes are also inconsistent with the way similar groups are named in organic chemistry. This change hasn't been commonly made (at least at the 16 - 18 year old level I am aiming at), and you will still find the names in the table above in textbooks and on the web. In each case, the "e" on the end of the ion name is replaced by an "o" in the ligand name. The changes are: hydroxido for hydroxo, chlorido for chloro, fluorido for fluoro, and cyanido for cyano. Note: It has been pointed out to me that IUPAC changed their recommendations for some of these names in 2005. This is probably the only point of confusion with these names. If you miss one of these out so that you are left with "amine" or "amino", you are refering to the NH 2 group in an organic compound. Take care with the code for ammonia as a ligand - it has 2 "m"s in its name. The old names sometimes differ by a letter or so, but never enough for it to be confusing. The table shows some common ligands and the code for them in the name of a complex ion. Once you have sorted out that code, the names are entirely descriptive. How to work out the names of complex ionsĪlthough the names of complex ions can look long and worrying, the formulae are simply being coded in much the same way that organic names are coded. This page explains how to name some common complex metal ions. ![]()
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